this is in reference with ASME - B 16.10 ... 2002
Q1)  in this std mating flanges are defined to be as per B 16.5 and B 16.47 series A... but wht bout flanged valves with series B?  ( ref pg 2)

Q 2)  ref 2.1.4 - The valves shall have face-to-face or end-to-end dimensions corresponding to valves having the same port size; Le., either a NPS 6 X 4 x 6 (DN 150 X 100 x 150) or a NPS 6 X 4 X 4 (DN 150 x 100 x 100) valve shall have the face-to-face or end-to-end dimensions of a NPS 4 (DN 100) valve. ( why valve size should be referened as per 4")

Q 3)what do v mean by conduit gate valves ....? (ref table 1)

Q 4) wht do v mean by short pattern / long pattern / regular pattern valves? how do v decide which pattern is to be selected ...   and if we dont specify ny of these is there any default pattern.....?(ref table 1)

Q 5) table 1 - defines plug valves dimensions - short pattern upto 12" and then 34" size is also mentioned? --- wht bout other available size....  (ref table 1)
for these short/ long / regular pattern are there any size restrictions also......?

Think of ANSI, ASME etc. as professional societies with diverse members.  Some club members make tanks, some make valves, some design plants, some run plants.  Assume that the dimensional standards were developed after manufacturers already had valve designs in production.  Perhaps the standards tried to make new valves compliant with those existing patterns.  The club members with patterns in production might not be supportive of the club if the standards eliminated their products.

Q1) B16.5 only goes up to 24" size. B16.47 Series A and B are for 26" and larger.  Series A is Equal to MSS SP-44 and series B is equal to API 605.

Q 2) since the port is for a 4" valve the valve flow characteristics are more like a 4" valve than a 6" valve. the end to end dimension will also correspond with the 4" valve. probably to help further reduce weight which is one of the big reasons to use a venturri pressure seal valve.

Q 3)conduit gate valves are a type of parallel slide gate valve

Q 4) typically for Gate, globe, and check valves bolted bonnet valves are long pattern, short pattern is for the most case only used for Pressure seal weld end valves

Q 5) sorry don't know much about plug valves

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