The main elements of a hot water boiler are aquastat, burners/valves, temperature and pressure monitor, air vent, expansion tank,flow  monitor, circulator, drain valve and pressure relief valve. The function and importance of each element is:
? The aquastat is a temperature regulation system.
? Burners, in case of oil-fired systems, and valves, in case of gas-fired ones, are used as the essential combustion assembly.
? Temperature and pressure monitors regulate the water temperature and pressure.
? The flow monitor is a plug valve that controls water flow to the boiler and hot water to the piping system.
? The air vent is used to flush out unwanted air.
? The expansion tank is designed to take care of natural heating behavior, that is, the expansion of water as it heats.
? The relief valves alleviates water pressure when it increases within the system.
? The circulator is a pump that automatically circulates water through the system.
? The drain valve allows opening and draining of the main water boiler.
The hot water boiler is a fairly complex system as it has many parts
and controls, but safety valves are necessary to protect equipment such
as pressure vessels (fired or not) and heat exchangers. The flow,
temperature and pressure protection is characterized by safety valves
that combine to form a high integrity protection system and make
hydronic systems extremely safe for use.
Qualitrol Corporation is the global leader in automated
power quality monitoring, temperature monitoring, protection and
control instrumentation and related solutions in electric generation,
transmission and distribution systems by exceeding customer expectations
for world class quality, delivery, and product value.

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